Cytotoxicity and Osteogenic Potentials of Mesenchymal Stem Cells via a Novel Formulation of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate

Authors

Ahmed Elgendi, Ain-Shams University, Faculty of DentistryFollow
Ehab E. Hassanien, Galala University, Faculty of DentistryFollow
Mohamed M. Nagy, Galala University, Faculty of DentistryFollow
Iman Fathy, Ain Shams University, Faculty of DentistryFollow
Ashraf M. Abu-Seida, Cairo University, Faculty of Veterinary MedicineFollow
Elhassan Hassanein, HHU Heinrich Heine Universität Düsseldorf, GermanyFollow

DOI

https://doi.org/10.70174/iajd.v16i2.1483

Abstract

Objectives: Root perforations can lead to periodontitis and alveolar bone loss. This study compared cytotoxicity and osteogenic potential of zirconia-containing mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Matreva (MAT group) to MTA Angelus (ANG group) as root perforation repair materials.

Methods: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) were extracted from two albino rats and cultivated. The cytotoxicity of the studied materials was determined using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay at three time points: 3, 7, and 14 days. The evaluated materials were employed to guide the osteogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs into osteoblasts. The osteogenic impact was evaluated by assessing calcium deposition with Alizarin red staining (ARS) and expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) protein in BM-MSCs seeded on the investigated materials for 14 days. Genes analyzed included tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β). The data was statistically examined.

Results: Cytotoxicity and osteogenic potential did not differ significantly between the ANG and MAT groups (p>0.05). The MAT group had the greatest average% calcific area percentage (90%), followed by the ANG group (68%) and negative controls (NC, 48%). BM-MSCs in the MAT group had the greatest amount of RANKL protein expression, followed by the ANG group. The ANG group had considerably higher levels of TNF-α and IL-1β compared to NC. TGF-β levels were considerably higher in the MAT group compared to the NC.

Conclusions: Zirconia-based MTA exhibits comparable cytotoxicity and osteogenic capability to standard MTA Angelus.

Recommended Citation

Elgendi, Ahmed; Hassanien, Ehab E.; Nagy, Mohamed M.; Fathy, Iman; Abu-Seida, Ashraf M.; and Hassanein, Elhassan (2025) "Cytotoxicity and Osteogenic Potentials of Mesenchymal Stem Cells via a Novel Formulation of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate," International Arab Journal of Dentistry: Vol. 16: Iss. 2, Article 6.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.70174/iajd.v16i2.1483
Available at: https://e-journals.usj.edu.lb/iajd/vol16/iss2/6